shadoof
A device used since ancient times in the Middle East to raise water from a well or other low point, consisting of a pivoted rod with a bucket on one end and a counterweight on the other.
The waters intended for irrigating lands situated on the sides of the hills and at the bottom of a valley, are first raised to the top by a balance called deloo, or shadoof.
Where it comes from
Borrowed from Egyptian Arabic شادوف (šadūf); see further at that entry.
Adapted from the Wiktionary entry shadoof (CC BY-SA 4.0).