extrados
The outer or upper curve of an arch.
The two lower rows of tubes at each end pier were then drilled through to the extrados of the brickwork to act as weep holes and assist in the drainage from the backs of the arches.
Where it comes from
From French extradossé (“outer curve”) from Latin extra (“outside”) + dos (“back”) (from Latin dorsum).
Adapted from the Wiktionary entry extrados (CC BY-SA 4.0).